/* 
 * This program interprets melodic lines given in ABC notation as a 
 * chromesthete might. 
 * 
 * A Pitch class will be defined, and will take center stage in the 
 * processing. 
 * 
 * Interpreting a melody in ABC notation will amount to flashing 
 * colored rectangles for prescribed durations, while sounding 
 * the pitch! The color of the rectangle will correspond to pitch 
 * class. The duration will correspond to the duration of the note. 
 * 
 * For this first version of the program, the duration will be held 
 * constant at 1 beat. 
 * 
 * Three sorts of images will appear on the screen, the chromesthetic 
 * output box, a text input box, and an error message box. Simplicity 
 * of design is rendered by permitting only one box to be on the screen 
 * at a time. 
 * 
 * ABC represents notes in a manner consistent with these examples: 
 * C, D, E, C D E c d e 
 * 
 * Google ABC music representation if you would like to know more about it. 
 */

package chromesthesia2;

import painter.SPainter;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Chromesthesia {
    // INFRA FOR THE PROGRAM -- LAUNCHING A "GRAPHICS" THREAD.
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new ThreadForGUI());
    }

    private static class ThreadForGUI implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            new Chromesthesia();
        }
    }
    //Why they do this for?

    public Chromesthesia() {
        interpreter();
    }

    //FEATURED VARIABLES
    private static SPainter miro;
    private static Pitch[] pitches;

    //THE INTERPRETER (METHOD CALL)
    public static void interpreter() {
        initialization(); //... for the method miro and the method pitches // + to call a while loop
        String priInput = "";

        while (true) {
            String input = getInput();
            if (input.equalsIgnoreCase("AGAIN")) {
                if (!(priInput.equalsIgnoreCase("")))
                    try {
                        playMelody(priInput, pitches);
                    } catch (Exception ex) {
                        showErrorMessage(ex.toString());
                    }
                else {
                    showErrorMessage("Type EXIT | AGAIN | ANY MELODY WITH DURATION");
                }
            } else if (input.equalsIgnoreCase("Exit")) {
                break;
            } else {
                priInput = input;
                try {
                    playMelody(input, pitches);
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    showErrorMessage(ex.toString());
                }
            }
        }
        cleanup(); //... where the SPainter miro has to go.

    }


    // METHODS PERTAINING TO THE CHROMESTHETIC PITCHES

    private static Pitch[] establishPitches(SPainter painter) {
        Pitch[] pitches = new Pitch[21];
        /////////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleC = new Pitch("C", painter);
        pitches[0] = pitchMiddleC;

        Pitch pitchLowC = new Pitch("C,", painter);
        pitches[1] = pitchLowC;

        Pitch pitchHighC = new Pitch("c", painter);
        pitches[2] = pitchHighC;
        /////////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleD = new Pitch("D", painter);
        pitches[3] = pitchMiddleD;

        Pitch pitchLowD = new Pitch("D,", painter);
        pitches[4] = pitchLowD;

        Pitch pitchHighD = new Pitch("d", painter);
        pitches[5] = pitchHighD;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleE = new Pitch("E", painter);
        pitches[6] = pitchMiddleE;

        Pitch pitchLowE = new Pitch("E,", painter);
        pitches[7] = pitchLowE;

        Pitch pitchHighE = new Pitch("e", painter);
        pitches[8] = pitchHighE;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleF = new Pitch("F", painter);
        pitches[9] = pitchMiddleF;

        Pitch pitchLowF = new Pitch("F,", painter);
        pitches[10] = pitchLowF;

        Pitch pitchHighF = new Pitch("f", painter);
        pitches[11] = pitchHighF;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleG = new Pitch("G", painter);
        pitches[12] = pitchMiddleG;

        Pitch pitchLowG = new Pitch("G,", painter);
        pitches[13] = pitchLowG;

        Pitch pitchHighG = new Pitch("g", painter);
        pitches[14] = pitchHighG;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleA = new Pitch("A", painter);
        pitches[15] = pitchMiddleA;

        Pitch pitchLowA = new Pitch("A,", painter);
        pitches[16] = pitchLowA;

        Pitch pitchHighA = new Pitch("a", painter);
        pitches[17] = pitchHighA;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        Pitch pitchMiddleB = new Pitch("B", painter);
        pitches[18] = pitchMiddleB;

        Pitch pitchLowB = new Pitch("B,", painter);
        pitches[19] = pitchLowB;

        Pitch pitchHighB = new Pitch("b", painter);
        pitches[20] = pitchHighB;
        ///////////////////////////////////////////
        return pitches;
    }

    private static Pitch find(String token, Pitch[] pitches) throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < pitches.length; i = i + 1) {
            Pitch pitch = pitches[i];
            if (pitch.abcName().equals(token)) {
                return pitch;
            }
        }
        throw new Exception("### PITCH" + token + "NOT FOUND");
    }

    private static void display(Pitch[] pitches) {
        for (int i = 0; i < pitches.length; i = i + 1) {
            System.out.println(pitches[i].toString());
        }
    }

    private static void playMelody(String input, Pitch[] pitches) throws Exception {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(input);
        while (scanner.hasNext()) {
            String token = scanner.next();
            //Updated part in this version 2
            String pitchName;
            String duration = "";
            if (token.indexOf(",") < 0) {
                pitchName = token.substring(0, 1);
                duration = token.substring(1);
                // Q: why this ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ part determines melodies' duration?
            } else {
                pitchName = token.substring(0, 2);
                duration = token.substring(2);
            }
            if (duration.length() == 0) {
                duration = "1";
            }
            //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
            Pitch pitch = find(pitchName, pitches);
            // Q: How is it possible that one variable get defined twice in a program?
            //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
            // Down the below: New update in this version 2; parameter = "1" ---> parameter = duration (== $String$ variable)
            pitch.play(duration);
        }
    }
    // METHOD DEFINITIONS: INITIALIZATION, CLEANUP, GETTING 'INPUT', ERROR MESSAGING

    //Q: Why the class and data type is switched?
    static private void showErrorMessage(String message) {
        miro.setVisible(false);
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message);
    }

    private static void initialization() {
        //ESTABLISH THE PAINTER AND GIVE IT A SUBSTANTIAL BRUSH WIDTH
        miro = new SPainter("Chromesthesia", 500, 500);
        miro.setVisible(false);
        miro.setBrushWidth(7);
        //ESTABLISH THE CHROMESTITIC PITCH CLASS OBJECTS
        pitches = establishPitches(miro);
        display(pitches);
    }

    private static String getInput() {
        miro.setVisible(false);
        String label = "Please enter a melody in ABC notation, or EXIT ...";
        String input = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(null, label);
        // how is it possible that the String variable input can get defined twice in one program?
        miro.setVisible(true);
        if (input == null) {
            input = "";
        }
        return input;
        //Any return is definitely needed bc. the String variable input has been defined above in a way of methods
    }

    static private void cleanup() {
        System.exit(0);
    }
}